AI data center sites in California

57 California counties scored on transmission, the interconnection queue, power price and tax. Updated October 18, 2026.

Open a county for its queue requests, substations, plants and data centers.

CountyScorePipelinePower price
726.9 GW20.7¢/kWh
586 GW20.7¢/kWh
5711 GW20.7¢/kWh
574.9 GW20.7¢/kWh
563.2 GW20.7¢/kWh
542.3 GW20.7¢/kWh
54473 MW20.7¢/kWh
521.5 GW20.7¢/kWh
521.3 GW20.7¢/kWh
49400 MW20.7¢/kWh
482.5 GW20.7¢/kWh
482.4 GW20.7¢/kWh
481.4 GW20.7¢/kWh
481 GW20.7¢/kWh
471.9 GW20.7¢/kWh
46660 MW20.7¢/kWh
442.1 GW20.7¢/kWh
431.6 GW20.7¢/kWh
371.2 GW20.7¢/kWh
36420 MW20.7¢/kWh
361 GW20.7¢/kWh
36-20.7¢/kWh
342.5 GW20.7¢/kWh
34-20.7¢/kWh
331 GW20.7¢/kWh
30173 MW20.7¢/kWh
27250 MW20.7¢/kWh
25230 MW20.7¢/kWh
25200 MW20.7¢/kWh
25200 MW20.7¢/kWh
25-20.7¢/kWh
2452 MW20.7¢/kWh
23250 MW20.7¢/kWh
23-20.7¢/kWh
22-20.7¢/kWh
21100 MW20.7¢/kWh
20-20.7¢/kWh
17-20.7¢/kWh
1610 MW20.7¢/kWh
16-20.7¢/kWh
164 MW20.7¢/kWh
1526 MW20.7¢/kWh
14-20.7¢/kWh
14-20.7¢/kWh
14-20.7¢/kWh
14-20.7¢/kWh
12200 MW20.7¢/kWh
12110 MW20.7¢/kWh
12-20.7¢/kWh
9-20.7¢/kWh

Pipeline: active generation and storage requests in the ISO queue, or EIA planned plants where larger (outside the ISOs). Top kV: highest substation voltage. Power price: the state's industrial average. DCs: GPU colocation, mining sites and AI campuses.

What the data shows

The strongest California counties for a large AI load are Los Angeles County (72), Riverside County (58) and Kern County (57) on the site score. California sits in CAISO and utility territory; its ISO queues hold 58 GW of active generation and storage requests, 49 GW of them with a signed interconnection agreement, and it has 36 substations at 345 kV and up.

Industrial power averaged 20.7¢/kWh (EIA, July 2026 YTD), against 20.8¢/kWh a year earlier, the 47th lowest of the 50 states and DC. California has no data center-specific sales tax exemption. We track 1 AI campus and 96 GPU-ready colocation facilities here.

Top 6 counties in detail

1. Los Angeles CountyCAISO

Site score 72 of 100

Transmission
25/25
Generation pipeline
20/20
Industrial power price
2/20
Existing and retiring plants
15/15
Sales tax exemption
0/10
Data center activity
10/10
Market
CAISO
Queue (active)
6.9 GW
Agreement signed
5.5 GW
Planned plants (EIA)
1.2 GW
Top substation
500 kV
Substations 230 kV+
55
Operating plants
14 GW
Retired or retiring
2.7 GW
Industrial power, CA
20.7¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
None

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
ANGELENO SOLAR FARMCAISO 1625, in service 2028-12Vincent Substation 500kV1,150Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
ANTELOPE SOLAR 2CAISO 1208, in service 2025-11Antelope Substation 220kV650Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
FLEETWOODCAISO 2111, in service 2032-04Litehipe Substation 230 kV400StorageIn study
GABRIEL STORAGECAISO 2113, in service 2033-05Rio Hondo Substation 230 kV400StorageAgreement signed
SIMONCAISO 2115, in service 2032-04La Cienega Substation 230 kV400StorageIn study
MARICICAISO 2116, in service 2031-02Walnut Substation 230 kV400StorageAgreement signed
CORAL REEFCAISO 2117, in service 2032-04El Nido Substation 230 kV400StorageIn study
BIG SKY SOLARCAISO 768, in service 2029-01Antelope Substation 230kV bus320Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • RINALDI · 16 lines500 kV
  • VINCENT · 13 lines500 kV
  • STATION E (TOLUCA) · 10 lines500 kV
  • ANTELOPE · 9 lines500 kV
  • SYLMAR EAST · 4 lines500 kV
  • STATION B (CENTURY) · 7 lines287 kV
  • PARDEE · 14 lines230 kV
  • SYLMAR WEST · 10 lines230 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • AES Alamitos LLC · Gas, retiring 20261.1 GW
  • AES Redondo Beach LLC · Gas, retired 2023821 MW
  • Gabriel · Storage, planned 2027400 MW
  • Marici · Storage, planned 2027400 MW
  • Scattergood · Gas, retiring 2029326 MW
  • Humidor Storage I · Storage, planned 2029300 MW
  • Grayson · Gas, retired 2023244 MW
  • Equilon Los Angeles Refining · Gas, retired 202583 MW

Data centers, AI campuses and mining sites

  • Digital Realty LAX12 · GPU colocation, El Segundo
  • Prime Data Centers LAX01 · GPU colocation, Vernon, 33 MW, liquid cooling
  • CoreSite LA1 (One Wilshire) · GPU colocation, Los Angeles
  • CoreSite LA2 · GPU colocation, Los Angeles, liquid cooling
  • CoreSite LA3 · GPU colocation, Los Angeles, 18 MW, liquid cooling
  • Equinix LA4 · GPU colocation, El Segundo
  • Serverfarm LAX1 · GPU colocation, El Segundo, 17.3 MW
  • Centersquare LAX4 · GPU colocation, Hawthorne, 2.7 MW
  • DataBank LAX2 · GPU colocation, Vernon, 32 MW
  • Digital Realty BUR10 · GPU colocation, Burbank
  • Digital Realty LAX10 · GPU colocation, Los Angeles
  • Digital Realty LAX11 · GPU colocation, El Segundo
  • Equinix LA3 · GPU colocation, El Segundo
  • Equinix LA7 · GPU colocation, Torrance
  • Evocative LAX14 · GPU colocation, Redondo Beach, 20 MW
  • Telehouse America Los Angeles (626W) · GPU colocation, Los Angeles

Colocation from our GPU colocation list; mining sites from the miner AI conversion tracker.

2. Riverside CountyCAISO

Site score 58 of 100

Transmission
25/25
Generation pipeline
20/20
Industrial power price
2/20
Existing and retiring plants
11/15
Sales tax exemption
0/10
Data center activity
0/10
Market
CAISO
Queue (active)
6 GW
Agreement signed
5.7 GW
Planned plants (EIA)
3 GW
Top substation
500 kV
Substations 230 kV+
13
Operating plants
11 GW
Retired or retiring
156 MW
Industrial power, CA
20.7¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
None

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
EASLEYCAISO 2042, in service 2028-03Red Bluff Substation 500 kV650Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
BLUEWATER RENEWABLE ENERGY STORAGECAISO 72, in service 2028-12Proposed Lee Lake Substation 500 kV500StorageAgreement signed
OBERONCAISO 1642, in service 2026-04Red Bluff Substation 500kV500Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
DOUBLE BUTTE STORAGECAISO 1646, in service 2030-07Valley Substation 500 kV500StorageAgreement signed
GRACE ENERGY CENTERCAISO 1761, in service 2027-01Colorado River Substation 230kV500Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
ATHOS POWER PLANTCAISO 1405, in service 2027-05Red Bluff Substation 230kV450Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
CALYPSO SOLARCAISO 1636, in service 2031-10Colorado River Substation 230kV400Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
LYCAN SOLARCAISO 1643, in service 2032-10Red Bluff Substation 500kV400Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • VALLEY · 16 lines500 kV
  • DEVERS · 14 lines500 kV
  • RED BLUFF · 4 lines500 kV
  • COLORADO RIVER · 3 lines500 kV
  • INLAND EMPIRE · 1 lines500 kV
  • MIRAGE · 9 lines230 kV
  • COACHELLA VALLEY · 8 lines230 kV
  • Unnamed · 3 lines230 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • Grace Energy Center · Solar, planned 20271 GW
  • Lycan Solar Project · Solar, planned 2027800 MW
  • Easley Solar · Storage, planned 2026590 MW
  • SE Athos II, LLC · Storage, planned 2027402 MW
  • Cobalt · Solar, planned 2027250 MW
  • Mountain View I & II · Wind, retired 202165 MW
  • Desert View Power · Other or not stated, retired 202456 MW

3. Kern CountyCAISO

Site score 57 of 100

Transmission
25/25
Generation pipeline
20/20
Industrial power price
2/20
Existing and retiring plants
11/15
Sales tax exemption
0/10
Data center activity
0/10
Market
CAISO
Queue (active)
11 GW
Agreement signed
9.7 GW
Planned plants (EIA)
3.4 GW
Top substation
500 kV
Substations 230 kV+
22
Operating plants
19 GW
Retired or retiring
83 MW
Industrial power, CA
20.7¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
None

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
SANBORN HYBRID 3CAISO 1632, in service 2026-12Windhub Substation 500kV1,400Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
BUTTONBUSH SOLAR HYBRID ENERGY CENTERCAISO 1596, in service 2029-08Midway 500 kV800Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
CPC WESTCAISO 96, in service 2026-07Tehachapi Conceptual Substation #1600Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
EUISMODCAISO 2055, in service 2028-06WHIRLWIND Substation 230 kV600Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
SANBORN 5 HYBRIDCAISO 1791, in service 2028-04Windhub Substation 230kV550SolarAgreement signed
BELLEFIELD SOLAR FARMCAISO 1510, in service 2025-08Windhub Substation 230kV500Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
SANBORN SOLAR 2CAISO 1518, in service 2025-10Windhub Substation 230kV500Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
BELLEFIELD 2 SOLAR FARMCAISO 1631, in service 2027-06Windhub Substation 220kV500Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • MIDWAY · 22 lines500 kV
  • WINDHUB · 4 lines500 kV
  • WHIRLWIND · 4 lines500 kV
  • MAGUNDEN · 13 lines230 kV
  • KERN · 10 lines230 kV
  • PASTORIA · 8 lines230 kV
  • STOCKDALE · 4 lines230 kV
  • WHEELER RIDGE · 3 lines230 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • Bellefield 2 Solar & Energy Storage Farm · Solar, planned 20261 GW
  • Pelicans Jaw Hybrid Solar · Solar, planned 2027678 MW
  • Sanborn Hybrid 3 · Solar, planned 2026578 MW
  • Bellefield 3 Solar and Battery Storage · Solar, planned 2030300 MW
  • Aratina Solar Center 2 · Solar, planned 2026263 MW
  • Rosamond South II · Storage, planned 2026140 MW
  • Jasmine · Solar, planned 2027134 MW
  • Chalan · Solar, planned 202690 MW

4. Fresno CountyCAISO

Site score 57 of 100

Transmission
25/25
Generation pipeline
20/20
Industrial power price
2/20
Existing and retiring plants
10/15
Sales tax exemption
0/10
Data center activity
0/10
Market
CAISO
Queue (active)
4.9 GW
Agreement signed
4.8 GW
Planned plants (EIA)
3.5 GW
Top substation
500 kV
Substations 230 kV+
20
Operating plants
5.9 GW
Retired or retiring
39 MW
Industrial power, CA
20.7¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
None

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
DARDENCAISO 1949, in service 2027-07Manning-Midway 500kV Line1,150Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
LOCK STORAGECAISO 1962, in service 2027-12Gates 500 kV500StorageAgreement signed
SCARLETCAISO 1135, in service 2027-12Tranquility 230 kV400Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
KEY STORAGE 1CAISO 1479, in service 2026-10Gates 500 kV300StorageAgreement signed
CORNUCOPIA HYBRIDCAISO 1959, in service 2030-11Gates-Templeton 230 kV Line300Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
LUNA VALLEY SOLARCAISO 1129, in service 2028-12Tranquility 230 kV200Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
SONRISACAISO 1391, in service 2026-12Tranquility 230 kV200Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
APACHE STORAGECAISO 1930, in service 2029-05Sanger 115 kV200StorageAgreement signed

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • GATES · 13 lines500 kV
  • PANOCHE · 12 lines230 kV
  • MCCALL · 9 lines230 kV
  • HERNDON · 9 lines230 kV
  • BIG CREEK 3 · 6 lines230 kV
  • KINGS RIVER · 5 lines230 kV
  • BALCH · 4 lines230 kV
  • Unnamed · 3 lines230 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • Darden I Solar · Solar, planned 2028646 MW
  • Darden II Solar · Solar, planned 2028646 MW
  • Darden III Solar · Solar, planned 2028646 MW
  • Darden IV Solar · Solar, planned 2028646 MW
  • Key Energy Storage · Storage, planned 2026300 MW
  • EDPR CA Solar Park VI LLC (CA) Hybrid · Solar, planned 2026241 MW
  • Sand Luis West · Solar, planned 2028156 MW
  • Midway BESS · Storage, planned 2027125 MW

5. San Bernardino CountyCAISO

Site score 56 of 100

Transmission
25/25
Generation pipeline
17/20
Industrial power price
2/20
Existing and retiring plants
13/15
Sales tax exemption
0/10
Data center activity
0/10
Market
CAISO
Queue (active)
3.2 GW
Agreement signed
3 GW
Planned plants (EIA)
1.5 GW
Top substation
500 kV
Substations 230 kV+
22
Operating plants
7.1 GW
Retired or retiring
418 MW
Industrial power, CA
20.7¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
None

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
CONDUIT ENERGY STORAGECAISO 2105, in service 2031-02Lugo Substation 500 kV500StorageAgreement signed
TROLLEYCAISO 2032, in service 2031-02Etiwanda Substation 230 kV400StorageAgreement signed
DIRACCAISO 2114, in service 2031-02Chino Substation 230 kV400StorageAgreement signed
DAGGETT SOLAR 3CAISO 1314, in service 2023-08Kramer Substation 230kV300Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
ROADHOUSE STORAGECAISO 1768, in service 2027-06Mira Loma Substation 230kV300StorageAgreement signed
CADY SOLARCAISO 2103, in service 2031-02Pisgah Substation 230 kV300Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
ARATINA SOLAR CENTER 1CAISO 1204, in service 2026-06Kramer Substation 230kV200Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
SIENNA SOLAR FARMCAISO 1207, in service 2027-01Calcite Substation 230kV200Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • LUGO · 15 lines500 kV
  • MIRA LOMA · 14 lines500 kV
  • ADELANTO · 12 lines500 kV
  • VICTORVILLE · 11 lines500 kV
  • RANCHO VISTA · 8 lines500 kV
  • KRAMER · 11 lines230 kV
  • VISTA · 9 lines230 kV
  • VICTOR · 8 lines230 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • Sienna Solar Farm · Solar, planned 2028400 MW
  • Vidal Energy Center · Storage, planned 2026320 MW
  • Overnight Solar · Storage, planned 2027300 MW
  • Roadhouse Energy Center · Storage, planned 2027300 MW
  • Sienna 2 Solar and Storage Project · Solar, planned 2029110 MW
  • SEGS IX · Gas, retired 202492 MW
  • Lockhart Solar PV, LLC · Solar or wind + storage, retired 202192 MW
  • Baldy Mesa Storage · Storage, planned 202650 MW

6. Imperial CountyCAISO

Site score 54 of 100

Transmission
25/25
Generation pipeline
15/20
Industrial power price
2/20
Existing and retiring plants
12/15
Sales tax exemption
0/10
Data center activity
0/10
Market
CAISO
Queue (active)
2.3 GW
Agreement signed
2.3 GW
Planned plants (EIA)
662 MW
Top substation
500 kV
Substations 230 kV+
7
Operating plants
4.6 GW
Retired or retiring
219 MW
Industrial power, CA
20.7¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
None

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
UMBRIELCAISO 2166, in service 2033-09North Gila - Imperial Valley 500 kV Line1,150Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
SILVER RIDGE MOUNT SIGNALCAISO 124, in service 2027-06Imperial Valley Substation 230 kV600Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
OCOTILLO EXPRESSCAISO 493, in service 2030-05Ocotillo Switchyard 500 kV265Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
SUNRISE BUTTECAISO 1667, in service 2027-01Imperial Valley Substation 230 kV150Solar or wind + storageAgreement signed
LECONTE ENERGY STORAGECAISO 1175, in service 2032-06Imperial Valley Substation 230 kV125StorageAgreement signed

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • IMPERIAL VALLEY · 8 lines500 kV
  • EL CENTRO · 7 lines230 kV
  • MIDWAY · 5 lines230 kV
  • KNOB · 3 lines230 kV
  • HIGHLINE · 2 lines230 kV
  • GOLDMINE · 2 lines230 kV
  • BANNISTER · 1 lines230 kV
  • NILAND · 4 lines161 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • Kingsley Solar Farm · Solar, planned 2028299 MW
  • Imperial Sun Solar · Storage, planned 2027200 MW
  • El Centro Hybrid · Gas, planned 2029113 MW
  • El Centro Hybrid · Gas, retiring 202982 MW
  • Heber Geothermal · Gas, retired 202359 MW
  • CE&P Imperial Valley 1 · Other or not stated, planned 202950 MW
  • Second Imperial Geothermal · Gas, retired 202248 MW

Data center tax exemption in California

No data center-specific sales tax exemption found. SB 58 (2025-26), which as introduced in January 2025 proposed a 2% maximum state sales tax rate on equipment for certified data centers investing $200M or more, was chaptered in September 2026 as an unrelated air-quality measure.

Recent change: SB 58 (2025-26) data center exemption proposal was not enacted in that form; the bill was chaptered September 20, 2026 as an air-quality (hydrogen sulfide) measure.

Source: Ryan, 2025-01-30. General information, not tax advice; ask your tax advisor.

AI data centers being built in California

CampusDeveloperCountyMWStatusSource
NAS Lemoore AI data centerCyrusOne and Ameresco, with the U.S. NavyKings County100announcedOn-site powerAmeresco via Business WireSep 9, 2025

Busiest points of interconnection in California

#Point of interconnectionCountyISORequestsQueued MWMostly
1Moss Landing 500 kVMonterey County, CACAISO22,250Solar or wind + storage
2Windhub Substation 230kVKern County, CACAISO51,800Solar or wind + storage
3Windhub Substation 500kVKern County, CACAISO21,750Solar or wind + storage
4Tranquility 230 kVFresno County, CACAISO71,500Solar or wind + storage
5Moorpark Substation 230 kVVentura County, CACAISO31,500Storage
6Gates 230 kVKings County, CACAISO31,496Solar or wind + storage
7Midway 500 kVKern County, CACAISO21,150Solar or wind + storage
8Vincent Substation 500kVLos Angeles County, CACAISO11,150Solar or wind + storage
9Los Banos 500 kVMerced County, CACAISO11,150Solar or wind + storage
10Manning-Midway 500kV LineFresno County, CACAISO11,150Solar or wind + storage

How the score works

Six parts out of 100: transmission (25), generation in the queue (20), the state's industrial power price (20), existing and retiring plants (15), sales tax exemption (10) and data center activity (10). The site finder's methodology prints each formula and every source with its date. Markets: CAISO (California), Utility territory (no ISO/RTO).

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