AI data center sites in New York
61 New York counties scored on transmission, the interconnection queue, power price and tax. Updated October 18, 2026.
Open a county for its queue requests, substations, plants and data centers.
| County | Score | Pipeline | Power price |
|---|---|---|---|
| 78 | 3.5 GW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 72 | 735 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 68 | 2.4 GW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 66 | 1.6 GW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 65 | 830 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 62 | 759 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 61 | 345 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 59 | 1.1 GW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 58 | 640 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 58 | - | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 57 | 3.7 GW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 57 | 712 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 56 | 24 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 56 | - | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 54 | 881 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 54 | 240 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 54 | 130 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 51 | 1.3 GW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 51 | 925 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 51 | 500 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 51 | 120 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 51 | 6 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 50 | 1.6 GW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 50 | 1.3 GW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 50 | 662 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 50 | 649 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 50 | 220 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 49 | 434 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 47 | 500 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 46 | 445 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 45 | 348 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 45 | 150 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 45 | 95 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 44 | 100 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 43 | 926 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 43 | 879 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 42 | 890 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 42 | 135 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 40 | 760 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 40 | 455 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 40 | - | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 38 | 460 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 38 | 450 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 38 | 335 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 38 | 242 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 37 | 290 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 37 | - | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 36 | 310 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 36 | 200 MW | 10.2¢/kWh | |
| 36 | 5 MW | 10.2¢/kWh |
Pipeline: active generation and storage requests in the ISO queue, or EIA planned plants where larger (outside the ISOs). Top kV: highest substation voltage. Power price: the state's industrial average. DCs: GPU colocation, mining sites and AI campuses.
What the data shows
The strongest New York counties for a large AI load are Kings County (78), Niagara County (72) and Nassau County (68) on the site score. New York sits in NYISO; its ISO queues hold 34 GW of active generation and storage requests, 9.6 GW of them with a signed interconnection agreement, and it has 61 substations at 345 kV and up.
Industrial power averaged 10.2¢/kWh (EIA, July 2026 YTD), against 9.6¢/kWh a year earlier, the 36th lowest of the 50 states and DC. New York has a data center sales and use tax exemption in force. We track 1 AI campus and 22 GPU-ready colocation facilities here.
Top 6 counties in detail
1. Kings CountyNYISO
Site score 78 of 100
- Transmission
- 16/25
- Generation pipeline
- 18/20
- Industrial power price
- 15/20
- Existing and retiring plants
- 9/15
- Sales tax exemption
- 10/10
- Data center activity
- 10/10
- Market
- NYISO
- Queue (active)
- 3.5 GW
- Agreement signed
- 1.2 GW
- Planned plants (EIA)
- 1.1 GW
- Top substation
- 345 kV
- Substations 230 kV+
- 2
- Operating plants
- 1.5 GW
- Retired or retiring
- 38 MW
- Industrial power, NY
- 10.2¢/kWh
- Sales tax exemption
- Yes
Largest queue requests
| Project | Point of interconnection | MW | Type | Stage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bluepoint Wind 1NYISO C24-021, in service 2033-12 | Brooklyn Clean Energy Hub 345kV Substation | 1,310 | Wind | In study |
| Empire Wind 1NYISO 0737, in service 2027-09 | Gowanus 345kV | 816 | Wind | Agreement signed |
| Gowanus Gas Turbine Facility RepoweringNYISO C26-0051, in service 2031-09 | Existing POI at Gowanus 138 kV, between brk # 2N and brk # 4N (42421 & 42423 to | 448 | Gas | In study |
| Terrapin StorageNYISO C26-0009, in service 2029-06 | Gowanus 345 kV | 400 | Storage | In study |
| NYC Energy LLC - Phase 2NYISO 1007, in service 2027-06 | Hudson Ave 138 kV | 220 | Storage | Agreement signed |
| Gowanus Energy StorageNYISO C24-178, in service 2030-09 | Gowanus 138kV Substation | 150 | Storage | In study |
| NYC EnergyNYISO 0522, in service 2027-06 | Hudson Avenue East 138kV | 80 | Storage | Agreement signed |
| Bayonne Energy Center IIINYISO 0815, in service 2027-07 | Gowanus 345kV | 50 | Storage | Agreement signed |
Substations, 115 kV and up
- FARRAGUT · 5 lines345 kV
- GOWANUS · 1 lines345 kV
Planned, retiring and retired plants
- Empire Wind 1 · Wind, planned 2027810 MW
- NISA Electric Generation Project · Storage, planned 2028300 MW
- Hudson Avenue · Gas, retired 202233 MW
Data centers, AI campuses and mining sites
- Cogent New York Data Center · GPU colocation, New York
- CoreSite NY1 · GPU colocation, New York, liquid cooling
- DataBank LGA1 · GPU colocation, New York, 0.74 MW
- DataBank LGA2 · GPU colocation, New York, 0.68 MW
- Digital Realty JFK10 · GPU colocation, New York
- Digital Realty JFK12 · GPU colocation, New York
- Digital Realty JFK13 · GPU colocation, New York
- Equinix NY9 · GPU colocation, New York
- H5 Data Centers New York (325 Hudson) · GPU colocation, New York
- Hudson Interxchange 60 Hudson Street · GPU colocation, New York, 15 MW
- Sabey Data Centers SDC Manhattan (Intergate.Manhattan) · GPU colocation, New York, 18 MW
- Telehouse America New York Chelsea · GPU colocation, New York
Colocation from our GPU colocation list; mining sites from the miner AI conversion tracker.
2. Niagara CountyNYISO
Site score 72 of 100
- Transmission
- 22/25
- Generation pipeline
- 8/20
- Industrial power price
- 15/20
- Existing and retiring plants
- 9/15
- Sales tax exemption
- 10/10
- Data center activity
- 7/10
- Market
- NYISO
- Queue (active)
- 735 MW
- Agreement signed
- 225 MW
- Planned plants (EIA)
- 333 MW
- Top substation
- 345 kV
- Substations 230 kV+
- 5
- Operating plants
- 3.1 GW
- Retired or retiring
- 0 MW
- Industrial power, NY
- 10.2¢/kWh
- Sales tax exemption
- Yes
- Large-load requests
- 1.7 GW
Largest queue requests
| Project | Point of interconnection | MW | Type | Stage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| North East Data LLC Data CenterNYISO 1741 | 230kV lines 77 and 78 | 500 | Data center load | In study |
| Lake Mariner Data IINYISO 1670 | Kintigh 345kV Substation | 250 | Data center load | In study |
| Wulf Compute Data Center IINYISO 1732 | Kintigh 345kV sub-station | 250 | Data center load | In study |
| Erie Canal BESSNYISO C24-364, in service 2029-02 | Robinson Road 115 kV | 230 | Storage | In study |
| Globe Digital Holdings - 1NYISO 1747 | Beck Packard 76 230kV | 192 | Data center load | In study |
| GLOBE DH 2NYISO 1748 | Beck Packard 76 230kV | 192 | Data center load | In study |
| Globe DH 3NYISO 1749 | Niagara Packard 77 230kV | 192 | Data center load | In study |
| Lockport StorageNYISO C24-326, in service 2028-12 | Robinson Road 230 kV | 180 | Storage | In study |
Substations, 115 kV and up
- NIAGARA · 20 lines345 kV
- SOMERSET · 2 lines345 kV
- PACKARD · 22 lines230 kV
- NIAGARA · 11 lines230 kV
- ROBINSON ROAD · 4 lines230 kV
- LOCKPORT · 19 lines115 kV
- PACKARD · 8 lines115 kV
- PACKARD · 8 lines115 kV
Planned, retiring and retired plants
- Oxbow Hill · Solar, planned 2029140 MW
- Somerset Solar LLC · Solar, planned 2029100 MW
- Bear Ridge · Solar, planned 202893 MW
Data centers, AI campuses and mining sites
- TeraWulf Lake Mariner · AI campus, operating, 500 MW · DCD
- TeraWulf, Lake Mariner · mining site, 102 MW, converting to AI/HPC
Colocation from our GPU colocation list; mining sites from the miner AI conversion tracker.
3. Nassau CountyNYISO
Site score 68 of 100
- Transmission
- 23/25
- Generation pipeline
- 11/20
- Industrial power price
- 15/20
- Existing and retiring plants
- 9/15
- Sales tax exemption
- 10/10
- Data center activity
- 0/10
- Market
- NYISO
- Queue (active)
- 2.4 GW
- Agreement signed
- 0 MW
- Planned plants (EIA)
- 3 MW
- Top substation
- 500 kV
- Substations 230 kV+
- 4
- Operating plants
- 1.5 GW
- Retired or retiring
- 62 MW
- Industrial power, NY
- 10.2¢/kWh
- Sales tax exemption
- Yes
Largest queue requests
| Project | Point of interconnection | MW | Type | Stage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vineyard Mid-Atlantic WestNYISO C24-003, in service 2031-08 | East Garden City 345kV | 1,321 | Wind | In study |
| EF Barrett - 2NYISO C26-0053, in service 2035-02 | (New) 345 kV Barrett Propel Substation | 627 | Gas | In study |
| EF Barrett - 1NYISO C26-0027, in service 2027-12 | (New) 345 kV Barrett Propel Substation | 427 | Gas | In study |
Substations, 115 kV and up
- DUFFY AVENUE CONVERTER STATION · 2 lines500 kV
- NEWBRIDGE ROAD · 1 lines345 kV
- SHORE RD · 1 lines345 kV
- EAST GARDEN CITY · 1 lines345 kV
Planned, retiring and retired plants
- Nassau Energy Corp · Gas, retired 202255 MW
4. Orange CountyNYISO
Site score 66 of 100
- Transmission
- 22/25
- Generation pipeline
- 9/20
- Industrial power price
- 15/20
- Existing and retiring plants
- 9/15
- Sales tax exemption
- 10/10
- Data center activity
- 0/10
- Market
- NYISO
- Queue (active)
- 1.6 GW
- Agreement signed
- 20 MW
- Planned plants (EIA)
- 178 MW
- Top substation
- 345 kV
- Substations 230 kV+
- 5
- Operating plants
- 2.8 GW
- Retired or retiring
- 2 MW
- Industrial power, NY
- 10.2¢/kWh
- Sales tax exemption
- Yes
Largest queue requests
| Project | Point of interconnection | MW | Type | Stage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roseton Energy StorageNYISO C26-0055, in service 2029-10 | 345 kV Roseton Substation | 330 | Storage | In study |
| Sugar Loaf Energy Storage INYISO C24-358, in service 2029-12 | Sugarloaf 138 kV Substation | 300 | Storage | In study |
| Arch 5NYISO C26-0016, in service 2030-09 | Rock Tavern 345 kV Substation | 250 | Storage | In study |
| Arch 4NYISO C24-085, in service 2028-12 | Rock Tavern 345kV Substation | 150 | Storage | In study |
| Farmhouse BESSNYISO C24-098, in service 2029-09 | Roseton 345 kV Substation | 150 | Storage | In study |
| Hudson Valley Energy Storage ANYISO C26-0065, in service 2029-10 | 69kV Shoemaker Substation | 117 | Storage | In study |
| Hudson Valley Energy Storage BNYISO C26-0066, in service 2029-10 | 138kV Shoemaker Substation | 117 | Storage | In study |
| Arch 3NYISO C24-088, in service 2028-12 | Rock Tavern 345kV Substation | 100 | Storage | In study |
Substations, 115 kV and up
- ROCK TAVERN · 10 lines345 kV
- SUGARLOAF · 8 lines345 kV
- ROSETON · 5 lines345 kV
- DANSKAMMER GENERATING STATION · 4 lines345 kV
- ROSETON · 2 lines345 kV
- SHOEMAKER · 2 lines138 kV
- Unnamed · 3 lines115 kV
- Unnamed · 3 lines115 kV
Planned, retiring and retired plants
- NY2 Battery · Storage, planned 2028152 MW
- TBE-Montgomery LLC · Gas, planned 203921 MW
5. Queens CountyNYISO
Site score 65 of 100
- Transmission
- 16/25
- Generation pipeline
- 9/20
- Industrial power price
- 15/20
- Existing and retiring plants
- 15/15
- Sales tax exemption
- 10/10
- Data center activity
- 0/10
- Market
- NYISO
- Queue (active)
- 830 MW
- Agreement signed
- 330 MW
- Planned plants (EIA)
- 15 MW
- Top substation
- 348 kV
- Substations 230 kV+
- 2
- Operating plants
- 5.2 GW
- Retired or retiring
- 1.3 GW
- Industrial power, NY
- 10.2¢/kWh
- Sales tax exemption
- Yes
Largest queue requests
| Project | Point of interconnection | MW | Type | Stage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roma StorageNYISO C26-0002, in service 2031-12 | Astoria East 138 kV | 300 | Storage | In study |
| Headland Energy StorageNYISO C26-0049, in service 2030-06 | Astoria West 138kV North bus | 200 | Storage | In study |
| Astoria Energy StorageNYISO 0931, in service 2027-03 | Astoria West 138kV | 100 | Storage | Agreement signed |
| Harlem River YardNYISO 0907, in service 2028-01 | Hell Gate 138kV | 80 | Storage | Agreement signed |
| Luyster Creek Energy Storage 2NYISO 0834, in service 2028-04 | Astoria West 138kV | 79 | Storage | Agreement signed |
| Luyster Creek Energy Storage 1NYISO 0835, in service 2028-04 | Astoria West 138kV | 56 | Storage | Agreement signed |
| Luyster Creek Energy Storage 3NYISO 0930, in service 2027-03 | North Queens 27kV | 15 | Storage | Agreement signed |
Substations, 115 kV and up
- VERNON · 2 lines348 kV
- WEST ASTORIA · 4 lines345 kV
- JAMAICA · 2 lines138 kV
- QUEENSBRIDGE · 2 lines138 kV
- CORONA · 2 lines138 kV
Planned, retiring and retired plants
- Astoria Gas Turbines · Gas, retired 2023503 MW
- Astoria Generating Station · Gas, retired 2021387 MW
- Ravenswood · Gas, retired 2023366 MW
6. St. Lawrence CountyNYISO
Site score 62 of 100
- Transmission
- 19/25
- Generation pipeline
- 10/20
- Industrial power price
- 15/20
- Existing and retiring plants
- 8/15
- Sales tax exemption
- 10/10
- Data center activity
- 0/10
- Market
- NYISO
- Queue (active)
- 759 MW
- Agreement signed
- 632 MW
- Planned plants (EIA)
- 340 MW
- Top substation
- 765 kV
- Substations 230 kV+
- 2
- Operating plants
- 1.4 GW
- Retired or retiring
- 0 MW
- Industrial power, NY
- 10.2¢/kWh
- Sales tax exemption
- Yes
- Large-load requests
- 5 GW
Largest queue requests
| Project | Point of interconnection | MW | Type | Stage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| St. Lawrence Infrastructure 2NYISO 1743 | NYPA's 230kV Moses Massena 1 (MMS-1) and 230kV Moses Massena 2 (MMS-2) | 1,935 | Data center load | In study |
| St. Lawrence Infrastructure 1NYISO 1742 | NYPA HA-2, 345kV Transmission Line | 860 | Data center load | In study |
| Arsenal Data Site 1000NYISO 1730 | Haverstock to Adirondak 345kV line HA-1 | 467 | Data center load | In study |
| North Country Data CenterNYISO 0979 | Reynolds 115kV | 435 | Data center load | Agreement signed |
| New York State Artificial Intelligence Data CenterNYISO 1731 | Haverstock-Adirondack 345kV transmission line HA-2 | 300 | Data center load | In study |
| Pontoon Bridge Road Data CenterNYISO 1745 | Haverstock-Adirondack 345kV transmission lines | 250 | Data center load | In study |
| Rich Road Solar Energy CenterNYISO 0800, in service 2028-04 | Moses - Adirondack 230 kV Line #2 (MA2) | 240 | Solar or wind + storage | Agreement signed |
| Arsenal Data Site 250NYISO 1728 | Haverstock to Adirondak 345kV line HA-1 | 233 | Data center load | In study |
Substations, 115 kV and up
- MASSENA · 4 lines765 kV
- MOSES · 15 lines230 kV
- ALCOA MASSENA OPERATIONS - WEST PLANT · 12 lines115 kV
- ALCOA MASSENA OPERATIONS - WEST PLANT · 10 lines115 kV
- COLTON · 7 lines115 kV
- Unnamed · 6 lines115 kV
- Unnamed · 6 lines115 kV
- Unnamed · 6 lines115 kV
Planned, retiring and retired plants
- Rich Road Solar Energy Center · Solar, planned 2028240 MW
- Riverside Solar LLC · Solar, planned 2029100 MW
Data center tax exemption in New York
New York internet data center sales and use tax exemption (Tax Law § 1115(a)(37))
Machinery, equipment and other listed property sold to the operator of an internet data center for use in providing internet website services for sale (servers, routers, software, racks, cooling, fire suppression, generators, power conditioners, raised flooring) is exempt from sales and use tax; the statute sets no minimum investment, job requirement or sunset, and excludes operators primarily selling internet access services.
Recent change: July 2026: Gov. Hochul's Executive Order 62 paused state environmental permits for new hyperscale data centers for up to one year, and she said she will pursue legislation to repeal sales tax exemptions for large data centers (not enacted as of October 2026).
Source: New York State Senate, accessed 2026-10-17. General information, not tax advice; ask your tax advisor.
AI data centers being built in New York
| Campus | Developer | County | MW | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TeraWulf Lake MarinerUsers: Fluidstack (Google backstop), Core42 | TeraWulf | Niagara County | 500 | operating | DCDAug 2025 |
Busiest points of interconnection in New York
| # | Point of interconnection | County | ISO | Requests | Queued MW | Mostly |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | East Garden City 345kV | Nassau County, NY | NYISO | 1 | 1,321 | Wind |
| 2 | Brooklyn Clean Energy Hub 345kV Substation | Kings County, NY | NYISO | 1 | 1,310 | Wind |
| 3 | (New) 345 kV Barrett Propel Substation | Nassau County, NY | NYISO | 2 | 1,054 | Gas |
How the score works
Six parts out of 100: transmission (25), generation in the queue (20), the state's industrial power price (20), existing and retiring plants (15), sales tax exemption (10) and data center activity (10). The site finder's methodology prints each formula and every source with its date. Markets: NYISO (New York).
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