AI data center sites in Wisconsin

70 Wisconsin counties scored on transmission, the interconnection queue, power price and tax. Updated October 18, 2026.

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Open a county for its queue requests, substations, plants and data centers.

CountyScorePipelinePower price
721.2 GW9.4¢/kWh
661.3 GW9.4¢/kWh
641.3 GW9.4¢/kWh
591.9 GW9.4¢/kWh
56510 MW9.4¢/kWh
551.7 GW9.4¢/kWh
55170 MW9.4¢/kWh
54250 MW9.4¢/kWh
53625 MW9.4¢/kWh
53150 MW9.4¢/kWh
52-9.4¢/kWh
51-9.4¢/kWh
50250 MW9.4¢/kWh
50-9.4¢/kWh
48250 MW9.4¢/kWh
4892 MW9.4¢/kWh
46650 MW9.4¢/kWh
45-9.4¢/kWh
45-9.4¢/kWh
44244 MW9.4¢/kWh
41249 MW9.4¢/kWh
41-9.4¢/kWh
41-9.4¢/kWh
41-9.4¢/kWh
41-9.4¢/kWh
401.6 GW9.4¢/kWh
39205 MW9.4¢/kWh
3925 MW9.4¢/kWh
394 MW9.4¢/kWh
38360 MW9.4¢/kWh
3740 MW9.4¢/kWh
37-9.4¢/kWh
36416 MW9.4¢/kWh
36295 MW9.4¢/kWh
35200 MW9.4¢/kWh
35230 MW9.4¢/kWh
353 MW9.4¢/kWh
35101 MW9.4¢/kWh
35-9.4¢/kWh
34190 MW9.4¢/kWh
34-9.4¢/kWh
33185 MW9.4¢/kWh
3389 MW9.4¢/kWh
33-9.4¢/kWh
33-9.4¢/kWh
32-9.4¢/kWh
32-9.4¢/kWh
32-9.4¢/kWh
32-9.4¢/kWh
31300 MW9.4¢/kWh

Pipeline: active generation and storage requests in the ISO queue, or EIA planned plants where larger (outside the ISOs). Top kV: highest substation voltage. Power price: the state's industrial average. DCs: GPU colocation, mining sites and AI campuses.

What the data shows

The strongest Wisconsin counties for a large AI load are Milwaukee County (72), Columbia County (66) and Dane County (64) on the site score. Wisconsin sits in MISO; its ISO queues hold 14 GW of active generation and storage requests, 2.5 GW of them with a signed interconnection agreement, and it has 38 substations at 345 kV and up.

Industrial power averaged 9.4¢/kWh (EIA, July 2026 YTD), against 8.9¢/kWh a year earlier, the 30th lowest of the 50 states and DC. Wisconsin has a data center sales and use tax exemption in force. We track 3 AI campuses and 6 GPU-ready colocation facilities here.

Top 6 counties in detail

1. Milwaukee CountyMISO

Site score 72 of 100

Transmission
20/25
Generation pipeline
8/20
Industrial power price
17/20
Existing and retiring plants
15/15
Sales tax exemption
10/10
Data center activity
3/10
Market
MISO
Queue (active)
300 MW
Agreement signed
0 MW
Planned plants (EIA)
1.2 GW
Top substation
345 kV
Substations 230 kV+
4
Operating plants
2.4 GW
Retired or retiring
1.2 GW
Industrial power, WI
9.4¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
Yes

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
Granville345kV SubstationMISO J3006, in service 2028-03Granville345kV Substation300StorageIn study

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • OAK CREEK STATION · 15 lines345 kV
  • GRANVILLE · 10 lines345 kV
  • OAK CREEK STATION · 3 lines345 kV
  • BLUEMOUND · 12 lines230 kV
  • RANGE LINE SW · 7 lines138 kV
  • 96TH ST · 7 lines138 kV
  • O CONNOR · 7 lines138 kV
  • KANSAS · 6 lines138 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • South Oak Creek · Gas, planned 20281.2 GW
  • South Oak Creek · Coal, retiring 2027642 MW
  • South Oak Creek · Coal, retired 2024598 MW

Data centers, AI campuses and mining sites

  • Cogent Milwaukee 2 · GPU colocation, Milwaukee
  • Expedient MKE1 · GPU colocation, Franklin, 1.6 MW
  • TierPoint Milwaukee · GPU colocation, Milwaukee

Colocation from our GPU colocation list; mining sites from the miner AI conversion tracker.

2. Columbia CountyMISO

Site score 66 of 100

Transmission
14/25
Generation pipeline
12/20
Industrial power price
17/20
Existing and retiring plants
13/15
Sales tax exemption
10/10
Data center activity
0/10
Market
MISO
Queue (active)
1.3 GW
Agreement signed
699 MW
Planned plants (EIA)
500 MW
Top substation
345 kV
Substations 230 kV+
1
Operating plants
1.3 GW
Retired or retiring
1.1 GW
Industrial power, WI
9.4¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
Yes

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
Columbia - Rockdale 345.0kVMISO J2304, in service 2024-04Columbia - Rockdale 345.0kV400StorageAgreement signed
Columbia-North Madison 345kVMISO J2423, in service 2027-10Columbia-North Madison 345kV300StorageIn study
Columbia - Rockdale 345.0kVMISO J3639, in service 2028-04Columbia - Rockdale 345.0kV250WindIn study
Columbia - North Madison 345/138 kV 345.0kVMISO J1943, in service 2024-10Columbia - North Madison 345/138 kV 345.0kV200SolarAgreement signed
Columbia - South Fond du Lac 345.0kVMISO J1993, in service 2025-07Columbia - South Fond du Lac 345.0kV99SolarAgreement signed
ColumbiaMISO R5066Columbia20StorageIn study

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • COLUMBIA · 6 lines345 kV
  • PORTAGE · 5 lines138 kV
  • NORTH RANDOLPH · 5 lines138 kV
  • TRIENDA · 4 lines138 kV
  • ACEC CAMBRIA · 2 lines138 kV
  • ACEC AFRIESLAND · 2 lines138 kV
  • ACADEMY · 2 lines138 kV
  • FOUNTAIN PRAIRIE · 2 lines138 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • Columbia (WI) · Coal, retiring 20291.1 GW
  • High Noon Solar Energy LLC · Solar, planned 2027300 MW
  • Ursa Solar, LLC · Solar, planned 2027200 MW

3. Dane CountyMISO

Site score 64 of 100

Transmission
18/25
Generation pipeline
11/20
Industrial power price
17/20
Existing and retiring plants
7/15
Sales tax exemption
10/10
Data center activity
2/10
Market
MISO
Queue (active)
1.3 GW
Agreement signed
50 MW
Planned plants (EIA)
361 MW
Top substation
345 kV
Substations 230 kV+
3
Operating plants
1.2 GW
Retired or retiring
2 MW
Industrial power, WI
9.4¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
Yes

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
North Madison 345/138 kVMISO J4164, in service 2030-05North Madison 345/138 kV1,203GasIn study
North Madison 69kV SubstationMISO J2429, in service 2027-10North Madison 69kV Substation50SolarIn study
N. Madison 69kVMISO J1935, in service 2025-10N. Madison 69kV50SolarAgreement signed

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • CHRISTIANA · 9 lines345 kV
  • NORTH MADISON 345/138KV · 5 lines345 kV
  • CARDINAL · 3 lines345 kV
  • KEGONSA · 5 lines138 kV
  • OAK RIDGE · 3 lines138 kV
  • Unnamed · 3 lines138 kV
  • LAKEHEAD · 3 lines138 kV
  • SYCAMORE · 3 lines138 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • Koshkonong Solar Energy Center LLC · Solar, planned 2026300 MW
  • Sunnyside Solar Energy Center · Storage, planned 202660 MW

Data centers, AI campuses and mining sites

  • US Signal WI01 · GPU colocation, Madison, 0.15 MW
  • US Signal WI02 · GPU colocation, Fitchburg, 6 MW

Colocation from our GPU colocation list; mining sites from the miner AI conversion tracker.

4. Kenosha CountyMISO

Site score 59 of 100

Transmission
16/25
Generation pipeline
12/20
Industrial power price
17/20
Existing and retiring plants
4/15
Sales tax exemption
10/10
Data center activity
0/10
Market
MISO
Queue (active)
1.9 GW
Agreement signed
350 MW
Planned plants (EIA)
0 MW
Top substation
345 kV
Substations 230 kV+
2
Operating plants
412 MW
Retired or retiring
0 MW
Industrial power, WI
9.4¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
Yes

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
Other_MISO J4165, in service 2030-05Other_1,203GasIn study
BalsamMISO J1895, in service 2024-09Balsam200StorageAgreement signed
Lakeview 138kVMISO J1934, in service 2025-10Lakeview 138kV150StorageAgreement signed
EAST PARISMISO S1090, in service 2026-09EAST PARIS133GasIn study
PARIS 345kV SubstationMISO J3936, in service 2027-01PARIS 345kV Substation133GasIn study
Other_MISO J2891, in service 2026-06Other_50SolarIn study

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • PLEASANT PRAIRIE · 6 lines345 kV
  • BAIN · 5 lines345 kV
  • ALBERS · 6 lines138 kV
  • KENOSHA · 4 lines138 kV
  • PARIS · 3 lines138 kV
  • SOMERS · 2 lines138 kV
  • SPRING VALLEY (WE) · 2 lines138 kV
  • BALSAM · 2 lines138 kV

5. Rock CountyMISO

Site score 56 of 100

Transmission
16/25
Generation pipeline
5/20
Industrial power price
17/20
Existing and retiring plants
9/15
Sales tax exemption
10/10
Data center activity
0/10
Market
MISO
Queue (active)
510 MW
Agreement signed
0 MW
Planned plants (EIA)
0 MW
Top substation
345 kV
Substations 230 kV+
2
Operating plants
1.8 GW
Retired or retiring
2 MW
Industrial power, WI
9.4¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
Yes

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
Rock River 138 kV Substations 1 (6 RICE) and 2 (5 RICE)MISO J2947, in service 2026-04Rock River 138 kV Substations 1 (6 RICE) and 2 (5 RICE)205GasIn study
Townline RoadMISO J3156, in service 2026-08Townline Road100GasIn study
Beloit GatewayMISO J3162, in service 2027-06Beloit Gateway100StorageIn study
New J1377 ATC Switching StationMISO J4097, in service 2030-01New J1377 ATC Switching Station72SolarIn study
Townline Rd. - Paddock 138kVMISO S1035, in service 2023-07Townline Rd. - Paddock 138kV33Other or not statedIn study

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • PADDOCK · 4 lines345 kV
  • KITTYHAWK · 2 lines345 kV
  • ROCK RIVER · 7 lines138 kV
  • BOC GASSES · 6 lines138 kV
  • TURTLE · 5 lines138 kV
  • RUSSELL · 4 lines138 kV
  • JANESVILLE GENERAL · 3 lines138 kV
  • EAST BELOIT · 3 lines138 kV

6. Portage CountyMISO

Site score 55 of 100

Transmission
14/25
Generation pipeline
14/20
Industrial power price
17/20
Existing and retiring plants
1/15
Sales tax exemption
10/10
Data center activity
0/10
Market
MISO
Queue (active)
1.7 GW
Agreement signed
1.2 GW
Planned plants (EIA)
1.4 GW
Top substation
345 kV
Substations 230 kV+
1
Operating plants
25 MW
Retired or retiring
0 MW
Industrial power, WI
9.4¢/kWh
Sales tax exemption
Yes

Largest queue requests

ProjectPoint of interconnectionMWTypeStage
Rocky Run to Werner West 345 kVMISO J2099, in service 2024-10Rocky Run to Werner West 345 kV399SolarAgreement signed
Rocky Run to Werner West 345 kV lineMISO J2107, in service 2024-10Rocky Run to Werner West 345 kV line399SolarAgreement signed
Rocky Run to Werner West 345 kV lineMISO J2185, in service 2024-10Rocky Run to Werner West 345 kV line399SolarAgreement signed
Rocky Run - Gardner Park 345.0kVMISO J2944, in service 2027-04Rocky Run - Gardner Park 345.0kV350GasIn study
PloverMISO S1179, in service 2028-09Plover150StorageIn study
Arnott - Golden Sands 138.0kVMISO S1129, in service 2026-03Arnott - Golden Sands 138.0kV50StorageIn study

Substations, 115 kV and up

  • ROCKY RUN · 8 lines345 kV
  • HOOVER · 2 lines138 kV
  • ARNOTT · 2 lines138 kV
  • GOLDEN SANDS · 2 lines138 kV
  • PLOVER · 3 lines115 kV
  • WHITING AVE · 3 lines115 kV
  • Unnamed · 3 lines115 kV
  • NORTHPOINT · 2 lines115 kV

Planned, retiring and retired plants

  • Vista Sands Solar · Solar, planned 20281.2 GW
  • Portage Solar, LLC · Solar, planned 2027250 MW

Data center tax exemption in Wisconsin

Wisconsin qualified data center sales and use tax exemption (Wis. Stat. 77.54(70), 2023 Wis. Act 19)

Property used exclusively to build, equip and operate a WEDC-certified qualified data center, including servers, networking, racks, substations, backup generation, cooling systems, construction materials and electricity, is exempt where the buildings reach a minimum investment within five years of certification of $150 million (county over 100,000 people), $100 million (50,001-100,000) or $50 million (50,000 or fewer); no job requirement or sunset is stated.

Recent change: 2025 bills to modify the exemption (AB 245/SB 244) did not pass; in October 2026 four Republican legislators began circulating a bill to repeal it.

Source: Wisconsin Department of Revenue, accessed 2026-10-17. General information, not tax advice; ask your tax advisor.

AI data centers being built in Wisconsin

CampusDeveloperCountyMWStatusSource
Vantage Lighthouse (Stargate Wisconsin)Users: Oracle, OpenAIVantage Data CentersOzaukee County1,000under constructionBusiness WireOct 22, 2025
Meta Beaver DamUsers: MetaMetaDodge County-under constructionDCDNov 12, 2025
Microsoft Fairwater (Mount Pleasant)Users: Microsoft, OpenAIMicrosoftRacine County-operatingMicrosoftSep 18, 2025

Busiest points of interconnection in Wisconsin

#Point of interconnectionCountyISORequestsQueued MWMostly
1North Madison 345/138 kVDane County, WIMISO11,203Gas

How the score works

Six parts out of 100: transmission (25), generation in the queue (20), the state's industrial power price (20), existing and retiring plants (15), sales tax exemption (10) and data center activity (10). The site finder's methodology prints each formula and every source with its date. Markets: MISO (Midwest and South).

All states

Discuss a transaction

Funding a data center or the GPUs going into one in Wisconsin? Tell us about the site and the capital you need, and we will come back with the lenders and the structure that fit. Operators raising debt for a cluster can start at gpulenders.com.

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